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Richard III - Act I, Scene 3: The Court Intrigue Begins

William Shakespeare

Richard III

Act I, Scene 3: The Court Intrigue Begins

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Summary

Act I, Scene 3: The Court Intrigue Begins

Richard III by William Shakespeare

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Queen Elizabeth and her relatives Rivers and Grey discuss King Edward IV's declining health, fearing what will happen when Richard becomes Protector of the young prince. Buckingham arrives with news that the King wants to reconcile Richard with the Queen's family. Richard bursts in, immediately playing the victim: 'They do me wrong!' He claims he's being slandered, portraying himself as a 'plain man' persecuted for his honesty—'Cannot a plain man live, and think no harm?' He attacks the Queen's family for their lowborn origins and blames them for Clarence's imprisonment. When Queen Elizabeth defends herself, Richard responds with bitter mockery, insinuating she married above her station. The tension escalates when old Queen Margaret—widow of Henry VI—enters uninvited and begins cursing everyone. She curses Richard as a 'murderous villain,' curses Queen Elizabeth to outlive her glory and see her children die, and curses the entire court. Richard deflects by reminding everyone of Margaret's past crimes. The scene descends into mutual accusations and curses, with Richard skillfully manipulating the chaos—positioning himself as wronged while simultaneously creating conflicts between all the other factions. He plays victim, accuser, and peacemaker by turns, ensuring everyone fights each other while he appears reasonable by comparison.

Coming Up in Chapter 4

Richard's manipulation of the court continues as he orchestrates Clarence's murder, eliminating the first major obstacle to the throne.

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Original text
complete·3,006 words
S

cena Tertia.

Enter the Queene Mother, Lord Riuers, and Lord Gray.

Riu. Haue patience Madam, ther's no doubt his Maiesty
Will soone recouer his accustom'd health

Gray. In that you brooke it ill, it makes him worse,
Therefore for Gods sake entertaine good comfort,
And cheere his Grace with quicke and merry eyes
Qu. If he were dead, what would betide on me?
If he were dead, what would betide on me?
Gray. No other harme, but losse of such a Lord

Qu. The losse of such a Lord, includes all harmes

Gray. The Heauens haue blest you with a goodly Son,
To be your Comforter, when he is gone

Qu. Ah! he is yong; and his minority
Is put vnto the trust of Richard Glouster,
A man that loues not me, nor none of you

Riu. Is it concluded he shall be Protector?
Qu. It is determin'd, not concluded yet:
But so it must be, if the King miscarry.
Enter Buckingham and Derby.

Gray. Here comes the Lord of Buckingham & Derby

Buc. Good time of day vnto your Royall Grace

1 / 17

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Why This Matters

Connect literature to life

Skill: Recognizing System Manipulation

Some manipulators don't target individuals - they manipulate entire systems, creating conflicts between others while positioning themselves as necessary.

Practice This Today

Watch for people who create conflicts between others while positioning themselves as mediators or solutions. Practice identifying when someone is manufacturing problems to make themselves necessary.

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Now let's explore the literary elements.

Key Quotes & Analysis

"I cannot prove a lover To entertain these fair well-spoken days, I am determined to prove a villain."

— Richard

Context: Richard's repeated declaration of his villainy

Richard's self-awareness of his nature becomes a weapon. By acknowledging he's a villain, he removes the need to pretend, making his manipulations more effective.

In Today's Words:

Since I can't be the good guy, I'm going all in on being the bad guy

"But stay, here come the rats."

— Richard

Context: Richard referring to Queen Elizabeth and her family

Richard's contempt for his enemies is clear. He sees them as vermin to be eliminated, not as people.

In Today's Words:

Here come my enemies

Thematic Threads

Manipulation

In This Chapter

Richard manipulates the entire court simultaneously, playing different roles for different people

Development

The manipulation becomes systematic and multi-layered

In Your Life:

Watch for people who create conflicts between others while positioning themselves as the solution

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You now have the context. Time to form your own thoughts.

Discussion Questions

  1. 1

    How does Richard manipulate multiple people simultaneously? What techniques does he use?

    analysis • medium

Critical Thinking Exercise

8 minutes

The Conflict Creator

Richard creates conflicts between others. Think of someone who creates problems between people while positioning themselves as the solution.

Consider:

  • •How do you distinguish between someone who solves conflicts and someone who creates them?
  • •Why do people fall for manufactured conflicts?
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Coming Up Next...

Chapter 4: Act I, Scene 4: Clarence's Murder

Richard's manipulation of the court continues as he orchestrates Clarence's murder, eliminating the first major obstacle to the throne.

Continue to Chapter 4
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Act I, Scene 2: The Seduction of Lady Anne
Contents
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Act I, Scene 4: Clarence's Murder

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