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The Mill on the Floss - When Prejudice Meets Possibility

George Eliot

The Mill on the Floss

When Prejudice Meets Possibility

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Summary

Tom returns to school dreading his new roommate—Philip Wakem, son of his father's enemy and a boy with a physical deformity. Tom arrives armed with all his father's prejudices, expecting Philip to be spiteful and untrustworthy simply because of his family name and appearance. The initial meeting is awkward, with both boys too proud and nervous to make the first move. But when Tom discovers Philip's remarkable artistic talent, his curiosity overrides his prejudice. Philip draws effortlessly—dogs, donkeys, landscapes—while Tom can barely manage a crooked house. This leads to a tentative conversation where Tom learns Philip is brilliant at Latin and Greek, subjects Tom dreads. More surprisingly, Philip offers to help Tom with his studies and promises to tell him exciting stories from Greek mythology and history. The chapter captures that delicate moment when two very different boys begin to see past their assumptions. Tom starts to realize that Philip isn't the vindictive schemer he expected, while Philip recognizes Tom's genuine, if simple, nature. Their conversation reveals their contrasting strengths—Tom's physical prowess versus Philip's intellectual gifts—and hints at a friendship that could develop despite family feuds and social expectations. Eliot shows how prejudice crumbles when we actually engage with people as individuals rather than representatives of what we fear or dislike.

Coming Up in Chapter 17

As Tom and Philip's unlikely friendship begins to take shape, their different worlds and values will create both connection and conflict. The next chapter explores how these two boys navigate their growing bond while carrying the weight of their families' expectations.

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Original text
complete·2,297 words
T

he New Schoolfellow

It was a cold, wet January day on which Tom went back to school; a day quite in keeping with this severe phase of his destiny. If he had not carried in his pocket a parcel of sugar-candy and a small Dutch doll for little Laura, there would have been no ray of expected pleasure to enliven the general gloom. But he liked to think how Laura would put out her lips and her tiny hands for the bits of sugarcandy; and to give the greater keenness to these pleasures of imagination, he took out the parcel, made a small hole in the paper, and bit off a crystal or two, which had so solacing an effect under the confined prospect and damp odors of the gig-umbrella, that he repeated the process more than once on his way.

“Well, Tulliver, we’re glad to see you again,” said Mr Stelling, heartily. “Take off your wrappings and come into the study till dinner. You’ll find a bright fire there, and a new companion.”

1 / 12

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Why This Matters

Connect literature to life

Skill: Testing Inherited Prejudice

This chapter teaches how to separate individuals from family reputations and inherited conflicts that may no longer serve anyone.

Practice This Today

This week, notice when you avoid someone based on stories you've heard—then create one genuine interaction to test your assumptions against reality.

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Now let's explore the literary elements.

Key Quotes & Analysis

"He would have disliked having a deformed boy for his companion, even if Philip had not been the son of a bad man."

— Narrator

Context: Describing Tom's prejudiced thoughts before meeting Philip

This reveals Tom's double prejudice - against Philip's physical disability and his family name. Eliot shows how children absorb society's biases about both physical differences and family reputations.

In Today's Words:

He already didn't want to room with a disabled kid, and the family drama made it even worse.

"And Tom did not see how a bad man's son could be very good."

— Narrator

Context: Explaining Tom's inherited prejudice against Philip

Shows how children inherit their parents' feuds and prejudices without question. Tom assumes moral character is genetic, a common Victorian belief that Eliot challenges.

In Today's Words:

If your dad's a jerk, you must be a jerk too - that's what Tom figured.

"Well, Tulliver, we're glad to see you again."

— Mr. Stelling

Context: Greeting Tom warmly upon his return to school

The headmaster's cheerful welcome contrasts with Tom's inner dread, showing how adults often miss children's emotional struggles. His casual introduction of a 'new companion' doesn't acknowledge the complexity of the situation.

In Today's Words:

Hey Tom, good to have you back! You've got a new roommate, no big deal.

Thematic Threads

Inherited Prejudice

In This Chapter

Tom arrives carrying his father's hatred of the Wakem family, expecting Philip to embody all the negative traits he's been told about

Development

Introduced here - shows how family conflicts pass to the next generation

In Your Life:

You might find yourself disliking coworkers or neighbors based on stories you've heard rather than your own experience.

Talent Recognition

In This Chapter

Tom's amazement at Philip's artistic ability breaks through his prejudice and creates genuine curiosity

Development

Introduced here - establishes how skill and talent can bridge social divides

In Your Life:

You might discover that someone you dismissed actually has abilities that could help you or earn your respect.

Social Barriers

In This Chapter

The boys' initial awkwardness stems from class differences and family feuds, not personal dislike

Development

Continues from earlier chapters showing how social expectations shape relationships

In Your Life:

You might avoid connecting with people because of perceived social differences rather than actual incompatibility.

Mutual Benefit

In This Chapter

Philip offers to help Tom with studies while Tom could offer physical protection - their weaknesses complement each other's strengths

Development

Introduced here - shows how unlikely partnerships can be mutually beneficial

In Your Life:

You might find that people you initially avoided could actually help you with your own challenges.

Individual vs. Category

In This Chapter

Tom begins to see Philip as a person rather than just 'a Wakem' or 'the deformed boy'

Development

Introduced here - establishes the theme of seeing people as individuals

In Your Life:

You might catch yourself judging people by their group membership rather than their individual character and actions.

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You now have the context. Time to form your own thoughts.

Discussion Questions

  1. 1

    What changed Tom's mind about Philip - was it seeing him draw, learning about his academic skills, or Philip's offer to help with studies?

    analysis • surface
  2. 2

    Why do you think Tom was so ready to hate Philip before they even met? What role did his father's opinions play in shaping Tom's expectations?

    analysis • medium
  3. 3

    Where do you see this 'inherited enemy' pattern in modern workplaces, neighborhoods, or families - people disliking others based on stories they've heard rather than personal experience?

    application • medium
  4. 4

    If you were Tom, how would you handle the conflict between your father's hatred of the Wakem family and your growing respect for Philip as an individual?

    application • deep
  5. 5

    What does this chapter reveal about how prejudice actually works - and why direct human contact is so powerful at breaking it down?

    reflection • deep

Critical Thinking Exercise

10 minutes

Test Your Inherited Opinions

Think of someone you've been taught to dislike or distrust - maybe through family stories, workplace gossip, or community reputation. Write down what you've heard about them versus what you've actually experienced. Then imagine meeting them for the first time with no background information. What would you notice about their actual behavior, skills, or character?

Consider:

  • •Separate secondhand stories from firsthand experience
  • •Consider what interests or talents they might have that you've never heard about
  • •Think about whether your current opinion serves you or limits your opportunities

Journaling Prompt

Write about a time when you discovered someone was completely different from their reputation. What changed your mind, and how did it affect your approach to judging others?

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Coming Up Next...

Chapter 17: The Complicated Dance of Friendship

As Tom and Philip's unlikely friendship begins to take shape, their different worlds and values will create both connection and conflict. The next chapter explores how these two boys navigate their growing bond while carrying the weight of their families' expectations.

Continue to Chapter 17
Previous
Christmas Shadows and Growing Tensions
Contents
Next
The Complicated Dance of Friendship

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