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Blood and the Letter — Crime and Punishment

Crime and Punishment - Blood and the Letter

Fyodor Dostoevsky

Crime and Punishment

Blood and the Letter

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Analysis by the Wide Reads editorial team·Reviewed against the source text·Updated November 28, 2025

Summary

Blood and the Letter

Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky

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Zossimov greets the family with he is well, quite well, but Raskolnikov in the corner looks like a wounded man performing a duty. Dressed and combed, he kisses mother and sister without joy; Zossimov sees bitter endurance, not reunion. Talk of university and morbid causes irritates him. Pulcheria thanks the doctor for last night; Rodya flinches at payment and special attention. He reaches to Dunya at last, and for a moment real feeling breaks through the lesson-learned phrases.

Then blood on his clothes forces the truth he can partly tell. He gave the money last night to the widow, a woman in consumption, crushed with trouble, not on the pretext of a funeral but to pay for it. Dunya says no, that is not right. Marfa Petrovna's sudden death fills the room; Rodya snaps at gossip, and Dunya answers that they are afraid of me. Pulcheria dreamed of open talk on the train; now he knows he will never speak freely of everything. He rouses them with forced gaiety, praises Zossimov and Razumihin, jokes about Dunya's watch from Marfa Petrovna, and drifts into the landlady's sick daughter he once meant to marry.

The urgent matter he saved for the end: Listen, Dunya, it is me or Luzhin. If you marry him, I cease to look on you as a sister. He calls himself a scoundrel but forbids her sacrifice. Dunya answers coldly that she marries for her own sake, not charity, and will do what Pyotr Petrovitch expects honestly. He grins that she is lying, selling herself for money; she flushes with anger and asks why he demands heroism he may not have. He nearly faints; the room holds its breath.

Pulcheria hands him Luzhin's letter. Suddenly he says Marry whom you like, then reads twice and dissects its legal tone: blame yourselves, threat to abandon them, the slander about notorious behaviour and the twenty-five roubles he gave to the widow, not the daughter. He warns Dunya that Luzhin does not esteem her. When Pulcheria asks if he will come tonight though barred, he leaves it to Dunya, who decides he must attend and invites Razumihin at eight o'clock. He says yes. Part III's family war is scheduled: the interview, the brother present, the fiancé's letter already poisoning the room before Sonia walks in. Nastasya listens throughout; every word seems to touch a sore place. Rodya thinks they fear him yet feels love in their absence. The lie that he could ever speak freely of everything nearly drives him to the door. Razumihin blushes when asked if Dunya likes him; Pulcheria still fears her strange son. Dunya awaits the evening to prove she can respect Luzhin, while Rodya has shown how the letter betrays contempt. The chapter ends with agreement, not peace: eight o'clock, all three, and Razumihin beside them.

In this chapter: Terms Characters Key Quotes Themes Modern Story

Why This Matters

Connect literature to life

Skill: Partial Truth at a Family Reunion

Notice when someone admits real details (blood, money) while withholding the central harm, and when a formal letter reframes their charity. Dostoevsky shows Rodya correct Luzhin's slander yet still cannot speak freely. That skill matters whenever you return to family after crisis without being able to tell everything.

Coming Up in Chapter 18

Sonia will walk into the crowded room, the family will leave for dinner, and Raskolnikov will head toward Porfiry with Razumihin while tonight's eight o'clock meeting with Luzhin still hangs over them.

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Original text
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Chapter 17

Blood and the Letter

“He is well, quite well!” Zossimov cried cheerfully as they entered. He had come in ten minutes earlier and was sitting in the same place as before, on the sofa. Raskolnikov was sitting in the opposite corner, fully dressed and carefully washed and combed, as he had not been for some time past. The room was immediately crowded, yet Nastasya managed to follow the visitors in and stayed to listen. Raskolnikov really was almost well, as compared with his condition the day before, but he was still pale, listless, and sombre. He looked like a wounded man or one who…

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Now let's explore the literary elements.

Key Quotes & Analysis

"He is well, quite well!"

— Zossimov

Context: Opening as mother and sister enter

Cheer that contrasts with Rodya's suffering face and hidden torture.

In Today's Words:

The doctor says he is well, quite well, as mother and sister enter a crowded room. Rodya is washed and dressed but looks like a man with an abscess, performing reunion as a duty. Families know that gap: the chart says improving, the eyes still say someone is enduring torture they will not name.

"gave the money last night to the widow, a woman in consumption, crushed"

— Raskolnikov

Context: Explaining the twenty-five roubles to mother and sister

Partial confession without the murder. He admits the gift and corrects Luzhin's frame before the letter is read.

In Today's Words:

He admits he gave last night's money to a sick widow crushed by trouble, for the funeral, not the scandal Luzhin will invent. That is partial confession: real charity named, murder still hidden. Many people tell one true story to delay the harder one their family is about to hear in a letter.

"It is me or Luzhin"

— Raskolnikov

Context: Ultimatum before Dunya defends her choice

Forces loyalty test without revealing murder. Despotism born of love and fear.

In Today's Words:

He tells Dunya it is me or Luzhin: if she marries the fiancé, he will cease to look on her as a sister. He calls himself a scoundrel but forbids her sacrifice. Without explaining the murder, he turns love into a loyalty test. Relatives hear that tone when someone is terrified and controlling at once.

"blame yourselves"

— Raskolnikov (on Luzhin's letter)

Context: Parsing legal threats in the letter

Shows how Luzhin's prose controls through implied abandonment and obedience.

In Today's Words:

Reading Luzhin's letter, he highlights blame yourselves and the threat to withdraw if they disobey. Polite legal phrasing that means obey or I leave. Before you answer a hurtful email, list who it excludes, what good deed it reframes, and what meeting it schedules on the writer's terms alone.

Thematic Threads

Family reunion

In This Chapter

Crowded sickroom, duty-like talk

Development

Love mixed with fear after Ch. 16 approach

Marriage

In This Chapter

Me or Luzhin, Dunya's defense

Development

Engagement argued before letter analysis

Luzhin's power

In This Chapter

Letter read, notorious behaviour slander

Development

Written strike answered by Rodya's legal reading

Partial truth

In This Chapter

Blood, twenty-five roubles, not murder

Development

Cannot speak freely of everything

Razumihin's role

In This Chapter

Teased, invited to eight o'clock

Development

Ally at the coming interview

You now have the context. Time to form your own thoughts.

Discussion Questions

This is not a test. Five prompts guide you through the chapter, from how it opens to how it closes, so you notice context and rhythm rather than facts to memorize. Sit with each question in your own words. When you see "One way to read it," treat it as a starting point, not the only answer.

  1. 1

    Zossimov says Rodya is well, but Rodya looks like a wounded man performing a duty. What gap opens between medical and family reunion?

    ▶One way to read it

    The doctor smooths the scene while Rodya endures kisses and questions without joy. Recovery is declared officially before feelings or truths can surface.

    analysis • surface
  2. 2

    He admits he gave the money to a consumptive widow for Marmeladov's funeral, not on a pretext. Why does Dunya say that is not right?

    ▶One way to read it

    Partial truth still hides the murders and the full amount. Dunya senses performance in his charity and wants honesty, not heroic gestures bought with their sacrifice.

    analysis • medium
  3. 3

    He repeats it is me or Luzhin and analyzes Luzhin's letter line by line. How does he read the fiancé's character?

    ▶One way to read it

    He exposes insults, economic control, and cowardly slander about Sonia. The analysis lets him defend Dunya while postponing any confession about why he really spent the money.

    application • medium
  4. 4

    Pulcheria hoped for open talk on the train; Rodya knows he will never tell everything. What does that limit do to the family?

    ▶One way to read it

    Affection circulates around a sealed center. They can plan meetings and refuse Luzhin, but the crime remains outside language, so intimacy becomes dangerous for everyone.

    analysis • deep
  5. 5

    Dunya decides Rodya will attend at eight; Sonia is invited too. Who controls the next scene and why?

    ▶One way to read it

    Dunya sets the terms of confrontation, pulling Sonia into the family orbit before Luzhin can define her as disgrace. The meeting will test marriage, reputation, and Rodya's ability to keep worlds separate.

    reflection • deep

Critical Thinking Exercise

Map Partial Truth

List what Raskolnikov tells his family in this chapter versus what he still hides. Then read Luzhin's letter (in the summary or source) and note each accusation and threat. Write what you would correct publicly before attending a meeting on the writer's terms.

Consider:

  • •Separate admitted facts from the central secret
  • •Treat legal or formal tone as a signal of control
  • •Ask who should be in the room when power is uneven

Coming Up Next...

Chapter 18: Sonia at the Door

Sonia will walk into the crowded room, the family will leave for dinner, and Raskolnikov will head toward Porfiry with Razumihin while tonight's eight o'clock meeting with Luzhin still hangs over them.

Continue to Chapter 18
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Luzhin's Letter
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Sonia at the Door
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